This page presents the raw observations of daily high and low temperature along with precipitation and snow when available. The dates shown are the date when the observation was reported. For observations made at 7 AM, this would be a for a 24 hour period up until that time and not for that local date. The timestamps shown are valid for the local timezone of that reporting station.
Hint: You should be able to
highlight the values in the table and then copy + paste these values into a
spreadsheet program like Excel. A
download interface does exist for these
observations.
NWSLI: | Site Name: | Date: | Temp at Ob | Max Air Temp | Min Air Temp | Precip | Snowfall | Snow Depth | Snow Water Equiv |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SNBI4 | SANBORN | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 23 | 38 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SPRI4 | SPIRIT LAKE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 23 | 37 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.A SPRI4 220415 C DH0700/TX 37/TN 23/TA 23/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2204150713 47 mph gusts | |||||||||
HLSI4 | Holstein 5NNW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 24 | 44 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SXRI4 | SIOUX RAPIDS 4 E | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 24 | 42 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
RKRI4 | ROCK RAPIDS | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 24 | 39 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SIBI4 | Sibley | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 24 | 38 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
LSXI4 | LITTLE SIOUX 2 NW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 24 | 54 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ALGI4 | ALGONA 3 W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 24 | 41 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SWEI4 | SWEA CITY 4 W | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 24 | 40 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
FSCI4 | FOREST CITY 2 NNE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 24 | 38 | 24 | 0 | 0 | M | M |
SACI4 | SAC CITY | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 24 | 44 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ESTI4 | ESTHERVILLE 4 E | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 24 | 42 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
NHPI4 | New Hampton | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 25 | 40 | 24 | T | T | 0 | M |
RKWI4 | ROCKWELL CITY | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 25 | 46 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
WMTI4 | FORT DODGE 5 NNW | 15 Apr 2022 12AM | 25 | 75 | 25 | M | 0 | 0 | M |
.AR WMTI4 220415 C DH0658/TX 75/TN 25/TA 25/DVD03/PPV 0.44/PT 1/SFV 0.0/SD 0/DC2205221112 Tuesday late afternoon through late evenings tstorms around 3 rounds Tornadoes to west hi winds n some hail Gusty winds all day Wednesday at least 25+ Thursday gusty winds 45+ With some power outages large branches down | |||||||||
ATLI4 | ATLANTIC 1 NE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 25 | 53 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
RKVI4 | ROCK VALLEY | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 25 | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
AUDI4 | Audubon | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 25 | 50 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
POCI4 | POCAHONTAS | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 25 | 42 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
LKPI4 | LAKE PARK | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 25 | 43 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
3SE | SPENCER 1 N | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | 26 | 43 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
MCWI4 | Mason City | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 26 | 41 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DAKI4 | DAKOTA CITY | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 26 | 43 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
HPTI4 | HAMPTON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 26 | 43 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CINI4 | CARROLL | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 26 | 48 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
WEBI4 | WEBSTER CITY | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 26 | 46 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CKPI4 | CHEROKEE | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 26 | 43 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
VICI4 | VICKS CORNER-SPIRIT LAKE IOWA | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | 26 | 43 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ASNI4 | ALLISON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 43 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ELDI4 | ELDORA | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 45 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
IWAI4 | IOWA FALLS | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 45 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
PSTI4 | POSTVILLE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 41 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
FYTI4 | Fayette 3NNW | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 27 | 42 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.AR FYTI4 220415 C DH0800/TX 42/TN 25/TA 27/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2205172109 Cloudy, West Wind | |||||||||
OAKI4 | OAKLAND | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 54 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
OSAI4 | Osage 1W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 39 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
LEMI4 | LE MARS | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 44 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
MPTI4 | MAPLETON NO. 2 | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 27 | 48 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
OLNI4 | OELWEIN 1E | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 27 | 46 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SXGI4 | SIOUX CITY AIRPORT | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 27 | 48 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BTLI4 | BATTLE CREEK 3NE | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 28 | 46 | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SNYI4 | STANLEY 4 W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 28 | 44 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
JFFI4 | JEFFERSON 2 NW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 28 | 48 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.AR JFFI4 220415 C DH0719/TX 48/TN 27/TA 28/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2205241937 Cool, calm, start to the day. | |||||||||
PERI4 | PERRY | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 28 | 51 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BNWI4 | BOONE | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 29 | 49 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
EKRI4 | ELKADER 6SSW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 29 | 45 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ROKI4 | RED OAK | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 29 | 55 | 27 | T | 0 | 0 | M |
MHRI4 | MANCHESTER NO. 2 | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 29 | 45 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.A MHRI4 220415 C DH0700/TX 45/TN 28/TA 29/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2204150654 windy | |||||||||
CRTI4 | CRESTON 2 SW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 29 | 52 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
AESI4 | AMES 5 SE | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 29 | 50 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
GNDI4 | GRUNDY CENTER | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 29 | 47 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
MCTI4 | MUSCATINE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 29 | 50 | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.AR MCTI4 220415 C DH0700/TX 50/TN M/TA 29/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2205241947 TN 27 | |||||||||
TLDI4 | TOLEDO 3 N | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 30 | 49 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.A TLDI4 220415 C DH0700/TX 49/TN 28/TA 30/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2204150858 partly sunny and windy | |||||||||
MSHI4 | MARSHALLTOWN | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 30 | 48 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
GRNI4 | GREENFIELD | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 31 | 53 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
LWDI4 | LOWDEN | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | 31 | 48 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
NWTI4 | NEWTON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 31 | 51 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SLBI4 | STORM LAKE 2 E | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 31 | 44 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
.AR SLBI4 220415 C DH0800/TX 44/TN 22/TA 31/PP 0.00/SF 0.0/SD 0/DC2204151123 Very windy yesterday, much calmer today | |||||||||
OSKI4 | OSKALOOSA | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 31 | 53 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
GTTI4 | Guttenberg L & D 10 | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 31 | 44 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
IDAI4 | INDIANOLA 4 W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 31 | 54 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CIYI4 | Charles City | 15 Apr 2022 10PM | 31 | 39 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
GTHI4 | GUTHRIE CENTER | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 31 | 52 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DNSI4 | DENISON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 32 | 49 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SDHI4 | SHENANDOAH | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 32 | 55 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CLDI4 | CLARINDA | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 32 | 56 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DLDI4 | Dubuque L&D 11 | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 33 | 45 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BLLI4 | BELLE PLAINE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 33 | 49 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
3OI | LAMONI | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 33 | 54 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
KNXI4 | KNOXVILLE | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 33 | 53 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
AMOI4 | Anamosa 3SSW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 33 | 58 | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
OSEI4 | OSCEOLA | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 33 | 54 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
WLBI4 | WILLIAMSBURG 3 SE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 33 | 50 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
VNTI4 | VINTON | 15 Apr 2022 9AM | 34 | 48 | 26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ALRI4 | ALLERTON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 34 | 53 | 27 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DMX | Des Moines WFO | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | 35 | 51 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
MKTI4 | MAQUOKETA 4 W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 35 | 56 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BLVI4 | Bellevue LD 12 | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 35 | 48 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CASI4 | CASCADE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 35 | 46 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DVNI4 | Davenport 6N | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | 35 | 48 | 33 | T | T | 0 | M |
.A DVNI4 220415 C DH1900/PPQ T/SFQ T/SD 0/DC2204151859 Observed Graupel | |||||||||
WSHI4 | WASHINGTON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 35 | 52 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SGYI4 | Sigourney | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 36 | 52 | 32 | T | 0 | 0 | M |
RADI4 | RATHBUN DAM | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 36 | 54 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ICYI4 | IOWA CITY | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 36 | 51 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CNTI4 | CENTERVILLE | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 37 | 53 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
FRFI4 | FAIRFIELD | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | 38 | 53 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
LECI4 | LeClaire L&D 14 | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 38 | 51 | 33 | 0 | M | M | M |
MSTI4 | MUSCATINE 2 N | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 39 | 53 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
FTMI4 | Fort Madison | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | 39 | 52 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
MTAI4 | MOUNT AYR | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 39 | 52 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DNNI4 | DONNELLSON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 39 | 55 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
KEQI4 | KEOSAUQUA | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 41 | 54 | 32 | M | M | 0 | M |
COJI4 | COLUMBUS JUNCT 2 SSW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | 41 | 53 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
PGHI4 | PRIMGHAR | 15 Apr 2022 4PM | 41 | 42 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SIXI4 | SIOUX CENTER 2 SE | 15 Apr 2022 4PM | 41 | 42 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CRPI4 | CEDAR RAPIDS NO 1 | 15 Apr 2022 5PM | 42 | 48 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DCRI4 | DECORAH | 15 Apr 2022 4PM | 42 | 42 | 27 | T | T | 0 | M |
AMSI4 | AMES 8 WSW | 15 Apr 2022 4PM | 42 | 48 | 28 | 0 | M | M | M |
EOKI4 | Keokuk L&D 19 | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | 42 | 57 | 34 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CHRI4 | CHARITON 1 E | 15 Apr 2022 11AM | 43 | 52 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
BLGI4 | BURLINGTON | 15 Apr 2022 5AM | 43 | 56 | 32 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
WCCI4 | Grimes 4 WSW | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
FMBI4 | Ankeny 2 SE | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
MSNI4 | MASSENA | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DUBI4 | Dubuque #3 | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
ZRGI4 | ZEARING | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
PEAI4 | PELLA 1 S | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DEWI4 | DE WITT 4 S | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
CRNI4 | Corning | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
HRFI4 | Hartford | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
ORCI4 | ORANGE CITY | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DWTI4 | DE WITT | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
RINI4 | RINGSTED | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
RMSI4 | REMSEN NO. 2 | 15 Apr 2022 10AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
MXWI4 | MAXWELL | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
CCTI4 | Central City | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | M | M | M | 0.02 | 0 | 0 | M |
HLYI4 | HOLLY SPRINGS 1NW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
KSLI4 | Kesley | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
LOGI4 | LOGAN | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
WACI4 | Waucoma 1WNW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | T | 0 | 0 | M |
CMRI4 | Calmar | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | T | T | 0 | M |
SHDI4 | SHELDON | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SANI4 | St Ansgar | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
UNDI4 | UNDERWOOD | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BLMI4 | BLOOMFIELD 1 WNW | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SWHI4 | SWISHER | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
NWDI4 | NORTHWOOD | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
LMLI4 | LAKE MILLS | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
GRII4 | GRINNELL 3 SW | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
HSTI4 | HOLSTEIN | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
JAMI4 | JAMAICA 3 S | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
WGCI4 | DES MOINES WAVELAND | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
IONI4 | Ionia 2W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
AAKI4 | AMES | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
OTWI4 | Ottumwa | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
GRWI4 | GARWIN | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
EVYI4 | EVERLY 3 WNW | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
NENI4 | NORTH ENGLISH | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
SPTI4 | Strawberry Point | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CLNI4 | CLINTON NO 1 | 15 Apr 2022 6PM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
STBI4 | STEAMBOAT ROCK | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | M | M | M |
BLKI4 | BLOCKTON | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
MROI4 | MARENGO | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CLUI4 | CLUTIER | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
NHUI4 | NASHUA 2SW | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CMBI4 | COLUMBIA | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | M | M | M |
PTRI4 | PETERSON | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
STYI4 | Story City | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | M | M | M |
SLHI4 | Salem 1 S | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BRKI4 | BROOKLYN | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
TREI4 | TRAER | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
HSII4 | HASTINGS 4 NE | 15 Apr 2022 8AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
BCNI4 | BEACONSFIELD | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
ALBI4 | ALBIA 3 NNE | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
ADXI4 | ADEL | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
MZUI4 | MONTEZUMA 1 W | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
EMMI4 | EMMETSBURG | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
LORI4 | LORIMOR | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
WTRI4 | WINTERSET 2 NNW | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
ELMI4 | ELMA | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
UBSI4 | Johnston | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
AKRI4 | AKRON | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
RANI4 | RANDOLPH | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
RWCI4 | ROCKWELL CITY NO. 2 | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
OGDI4 | OGDEN | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | M | M | M |
COOI4 | COON RAPIDS | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
MCLI4 | Monticello | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
HBTI4 | HUMBOLDT WATER PLANT | 15 Apr 2022 6AM | M | M | M | 0 | M | M | M |
GLNI4 | GLENWOOD | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
ALXI4 | Waterloo NWS Snowfall | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
DSXI4 | Des Moines NWS Snow | 15 Apr 2022 11PM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
KANI4 | Kanawha | 15 Apr 2022 7AM | M | M | M | 0 | 0 | M | M |
WAUI4 | Waukon 3NNE | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
MFRI4 | MILFORD 4 NW | 15 Apr 2022 7PM | M | 41 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | M |
CLII4 | CLARION | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
TRPI4 | TRIPOLI | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
AKYI4 | ANKENY | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
PKBI4 | PARKERSBURG | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
CGGI4 | COGGON | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 | |||||||
BTNI4 | Brighton | No Observation Reported for 2022-04-15 |
Errors exist in this dataset and you should evaluate the observations before using...